False Attribution

🔗

False Cause & False Attribution

Common Logically close Same family Often confused

Treats two things as causally connected, or assigns credit or blame, without enough evidence.

🏛️

Appeal to Authority

Common Logically close Same family Often confused

Treats a claim as true mainly because an authority figure or expert said it, without enough supporting evidence.

✂️

Fallacy of Quoting Out of Context

Logically close Same family Often confused

Pulls words from their surrounding context so they appear to mean something different.

🪤

Fallacy Fallacy

Common Same family Similar wording Same category

Assumes a claim must be false merely because the argument for it was weak or fallacious.

🎰

Gambler's Fallacy

Common Same family Similar wording Same category

Assumes past random outcomes make a different future outcome more likely, even when events are independent.

🛑

Appeal to Force

Same family Similar wording Same category

Uses threats, coercion, or the prospect of punishment in place of actual reasons.